📝 SummarXiv

Abstract

This study explores the thermodynamic and geometric properties of phantom BTZ black holes within a noncommutative spacetime framework, where noncommutativity is implemented through Lorentzian smearing of mass and charge distributions. The resulting metric exhibits significant modifications in curvature and horizon structure, particularly in the near-horizon regime. We perform a comparative thermodynamic analysis between phantom and Maxwell field cases, calculating quantities such as Hawking temperature, entropy, heat capacity, and Gibbs free energy. Our findings reveal that noncommutative corrections strongly affect phase transitions and stability conditions. Furthermore, we model the black hole as a heat engine and compute its efficiency, showing how noncommutative effects enhance or suppress energy extraction. This work underscores the interplay between spacetime fuzziness and exotic field dynamics in lower-dimensional gravity, offering new insights into quantum-modified black hole thermodynamics.