A General Nonlinear Model for Arbitrary Modulation Formats in the Presence of Inter-Channel Simulated Raman Scattering
Zhiwei Liang, Bin Chen, Jiwei Xu, Yi Lei, Qingqing Hu, Fan Zhang, Gabriele Liga
Published: 2025/9/12
Abstract
The four-dimensional nonlinear model is extended to include the inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering, enabling accurate prediction of dual-polarization four-dimensional modulation formats and probabilistically shaped constellations in high-dispersion regimes. The proposed model is validated via comparisons with the split-step Fourier method and enhanced Gaussian noise model.