📝 SummarXiv

Abstract

High-performance multimode/multiwavelength (de)multiplexer is one of the most pivotal photonic devices for advanced on-chip interconnect systems. Traditional on-chip photonic (de)multiplexing requires large device footprint for maintaining high efficiency, large operation bandwidth, and small insertion losses. Here a hybrid inverse design method is therefore proposed to combine genetic algorithms (GA) and topology optimization for developing an ultracompact (lateral size< 2{\lambda}) terahertz (THz) mode-/wavelength-division demultiplexer (MDM-WDM). The method leverages the global search capability of GA in continuous parameter spaces and the local topology optimization strategy driven by the adjoint method, effectively improving design convergence efficiency and global performance robustness. Experimental results demonstrate that the device simultaneously achieves stable three-channel MDM and WDM with insertion loss (IL) of less than 3 dB and inter-channel crosstalk (CT) can be -22 dB. The output achieves spatial separation of the orthogonal TE10, TE20, and TE30 modes that correspond to three central wavelengths {\lambda}1~690 {\mu}m, {\lambda}2~700 {\mu}m, and {\lambda}3~710 {\mu}m, respectively, verifying the device's precise control over target modes and wavelengths. This work provides an efficient optimization approach for developing broadband, multichannel, and highly integrated THz multiplexing devices, offering new pathways for constructing next-generation integrated photonic interconnects and signal processing systems.